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This is the discipline in dentistry that concerns all the tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth: the gum, bone, cement (surface of the tooth root) and the dental ligament.
But how does the patient develop periodontal disease, or periodontitis?
This disease is initially initiated by untreated gingivitis and neglected over time, by insufficient oral hygiene and a lack of regular scaling.
The dental plaque accumulated on the gum will then migrate towards the tooth root and cause loss of tooth attachment and bone resorption, and this is when periodontitis is diagnosed.
In the long term, the loss of attachment and bone lysis will continue to lead to tooth mobility, in advanced cases leading to tooth loss.
The problem with this disease is that it is often ignored by the patient because it does not cause particular pain (except in the case of an acute infection) and that it is mostly diagnosed only in a routine examination, and that its prevalence is very high in the population.
The treatment of periodontitis aims to eliminate dental plaque at the level of the root surface using dental surfacings under local anesthesia, then by sustained monitoring of the evolution of the dental periodontium.
The key to the success of this care does not depend only on the skills of the dentist, but above all on the patient's motivation to maintain his dental hygiene and adopt this behavior throughout his life.
But before starting treatment, the dentist establishes a targeted medical history to determine if other risk factors exist in order to work on them together.